This thesis is a part of an ongoing project at NST. This ongoing project has the intention to make a system for early detection of contagious diseases based on symptoms and diagnosis. The main goal of this project is to develop a system that will help detect outbreaks of contagious diseases. The system intends to create a logic model based on collected data from symptoms and diagnosis entered into ...

It is well known that satellite radar interferometry (InSAR) is capable of measuring surface displacement with a typical accuracy on the order of millimeters to centimeters. However, when the true deformation vector differs from the satellite line-of-sight (LOS), the sensitivity decreases and interpretation of InSAR deformationmeasurements becomes challenging. By combining displacement data ...

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy is a widely employed technique in cell biology research, yet remains relatively unexplored in the field of histopathology. Here, we describe the sample preparation steps and acquisition parameters necessary to obtain fluorescent multicolor super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SIM) images of both formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and cryo-preserved ...

Background and aim: Vitamin A have been shown to influence immunity, and animal studies have shown that maternal vitamin A intake could have immunomodulatory effects that may influence offspring type 1 diabetes (T1D) development. There are few human studies that have investigated the association between vitamin A consumption and T1D. This study aimed to examine the association between maternal vitamin ...

The causal nature of the association between hypovitaminosis D and poor cognitive function in mid- to later-life is uncertain. Using a Mendelian randomisation(MR) approach, we examined the causal relationship between 25(OH)D and cognitive function. Data came from 172,349 participants from 17 cohorts. DHCR7(rs12785878), CYP2R1 rs12794714) and their combined synthesis score were chosen to proxy 25(OH)D. ...

Background:<br>Vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for mortality but previous meta-analyses lacked standardization of laboratory methods for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations and used aggregate data instead of individual participant data (IPD). We therefore performed an IPD meta-analysis on the association between standardized serum 25(OH)D and mortality.<br>Methods:<br>In a European ...

Background:<br>Vitamin D deficiency has been described as being pandemic, but serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] distribution data for the European Union are of very variable quality. The NIH-led international Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) has developed protocols for standardizing existing 25(OH)D values from national health/nutrition surveys.<br>Objective:<br>This study applied VDSP ...

Summary We report low baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels being associated with unfavorable changes in muscle mass and physical performance over three years, but not with incident sarcopenia. Future prospective studies are needed to assess causality and to address the issue of competing risks such as mortality in older cohorts. Introduction Effects of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) ...

Context: Longitudinal data regarding vitamin D status in adolescence is scarce. This study presents population-based data from an Arctic adolescent population (n = 589) at 16 and 18 years. Objective: The aims of this study were to investigate changes in vitamin D status during 2 years in adolescence, and whether lifestyle changes were associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) at follow-up. ...

<p><i>Objective</i>: Low serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and some of its risk factors. However, in interventional studies, the effects of vitamin D supplementation have been uncertain, possibly due to inclusion of vitamin D-sufficient subjects. Our aim was therefore to examine effects of vitamin D supplementation on CVD risk factors in vitamin D-insufficient ...