Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in cancer-related inflammation. TAMs develop M2 polarization which may support tumor growth. Mannose receptor (MR) expression is a hallmark for this cell-subpopulation, and the MR has recently been suggested to be involved in TAM polarization. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of MR in TAM polarization and tumor development ...

This study examines the role of the media in promoting human rights. Central to the study is an effort to find out why the media decide to include human rights coverage as part of their programmes as well as the portrayal of human rights elements in such programmes. A total of five journalists were interviewed, three of them were BBC journalists involved in the production of the documentary which ...

Land-based pollution of the oceans is considered to be one of the biggest challenges of our times, this an example of tragedy of commons. This thesis determines which international legal means apply to combating pollution of the oceans from land with post-consumer plastic waste. The thesis provides a short overview of global legal means and applicable principles of international environmental law.The ...

Efforts to improve the design of animal studies have tended to focus on the more mathematical aspects, such as randomization, blocking and statistical analysis. There are, however, many other factors that affect the data from preclinical studies. To improve validity, scientists must collaborate closely with the animal facility involved as soon as the decision to use animals has been made. Such ...

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a classic and popularly used meta-heuristic algorithm in many reallife optimization problems due to its less computational complexity and simplicity. The binary version of PSO, known as BPSO, is used to solve binary optimization problems, such as feature selection. Like other meta-heuristic optimization techniques designed on the continuous search space, PSO ...

Objectives: To systematically review existing literature on what role history of tuberculosis (TB) plays in lung function abnormalities and the development of chronic lung disease of HIV infected children and adolescents in Africa, as the burden of paediatric HIV and TB coinfection is the highest in this region. Methods: Systematic searches were performed in PubMed and EMBASE databases using PICO ...

In order to understand the human ability for language, we cannot simply focus on the idealized monolingual speaker or signer (Chomsky, 1965). Rather, as much work in second language acquisition has recognized, it is also necessary to study instances where a person masters two or more languages at different levels of proficiency. Today’s globalized world with increased migration will further ...

The tumor viruses human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) account for approximately 15% of all human cancers. Although the oncoproteins of these tumor viruses display no sequence similarity to one ...

Salpa thompsoni is an important grazer in the Southern Ocean. Their abundance in the western Antarctic Peninsula is highly variable, varying by up to 5000-fold inter-annually. Here, we use a particle-tracking model to simulate the potential dispersal of salp populations from a source location in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) to the Palmer Long Term Ecological Research (PAL LTER) study ...

The thesis reflects on the discussions surrounding refugee participation in work. Furthermore, the thesis seeks to find out the experiences of refugee women after five years of work participation. Focusing on their personal empowerment, relationship with children, changing ideals about femininities across transnational spaces, and creation of social networks, the thesis explores how these factors ...