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  • General practitioners' role in safeguarding patients with dementia in their use of dietary supplements. A qualitative study 

    Risvoll, Hilde Monica; Risør, Torstein; Halvorsen, Kjell Hermann; Waaseth, Marit; Stub, Trine; Musial, Frauke (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-11-20)
    Objective - The use of dietary supplements (DS) may cause harm through direct and indirect effects. Patients with dementia may be particularly vulnerable. This study aims to explore general practitioners’ (GPs’) experiences with DS use by these patients, the GPs perceived responsibilities, obstacles in taking on this responsibility, their attitudes toward DS, and suggestions for improvements to ...
  • Data-driven approaches for identifying hyperparameters in multi-step retrosynthesis 

    Westerlund, Annie M.; Barge, Bente Sirin; Mervin, Lewis; Genheden, Samuel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-07)
    The multi-step retrosynthesis problem can be solved by a search algorithm, such as Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS). The performance of multistep retrosynthesis, as measured by a trade-off in search time and route solvability, therefore depends on the hyperparameters of the search algorithm. In this paper, we demonstrated the effect of three MCTS hyperparameters (number of iterations, tree depth, and ...
  • Sannhet for forsoning? Om den norske sannhets- og forsoningskommisjonens rapport 

    Josefsen, Eva; Broderstad, Else Grete; Hernes, Hans-Kristian (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-21)
    Den norske sannhets- og forsoningskommisjonens rapport, som ble lagt fram i 2023, skal danne grunnlag for et oppgjør med statens fornorskningspolitikk mot samer, kvener og skogfinner. Hvordan svarer rapporten på dette oppdraget?
  • Multiscaling Differential Contraction Integral Method for Inverse Scattering Problems with Inhomogeneous Media 

    Zhong, Yu; Zardi, Francesco; Salucci, Marco; Oliveri, Giacomo; Massa, Andrea (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-10)
    Practical applications of microwave imaging often require the solution of inverse scattering problems with inhomogeneous backgrounds. Toward this end, a novel inversion strategy, which combines the multiscaling (MS) regularization scheme and the difference contraction integral equation (DCIE) formulation, is proposed. Such an integrated approach mitigates the nonlinearity and the ill-posedness of ...
  • Learning-Assisted Inversion for Solving Nonlinear Inverse Scattering Problem 

    Xu, Kuiwen; Qian, Zemin; Zhong, Yu; Su, Jiangtao; Gao, Haijun; Li, Wenjun (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-21)
    Solving inverse scattering problems (ISPs) is challenging because of its intrinsic ill-posedness and the nonlinearity. When dealing with highly nonlinear ISPs, i.e., those scatterers with high contrast and/or electrically large size, the traditional iterative nonlinear inversion methods converge slowly and take lots of computation time, even maybe trapped into local wrong solution. To alleviate the ...
  • Small collections remembered: Sámi material culture and community-based digitization at the Smithsonian Institution 

    Magnani, Matthew Walker; Porsanger, Jelena; Laiti, Sami; Magnani, Natalia; Olli, Anne May; Rauhala, Paula; Valkeapää, Henrik Samuel; Hollinger, Eric (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-18)
    Of the 158 million things housed by the Smithsonian Institution, about 56 objects originate from Sámi communities. By all accounts a small group of objects—even by the standards of the Arctic collections at the Institution—it may be easily overlooked or dismissed as insignificant, based on entrenched ideologies about idealized collections. Presenting a community-based methodology for the engagement ...
  • High rifampicin peak plasma concentrations accelerate the slow phase of bacterial decline in tuberculosis patients: Evidence for heteroresistance 

    Martinecz, Antal; Boeree, Martin J.; Diacon, Andreas H.; Dawson, Rodney; Hemez, Colin; Arnoutse, Rob; Abel zur Wiesch, Pia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-13)
    Background - Antibiotic treatments are often associated with a late slowdown in bacterial killing. This separates the killing of bacteria into at least two distinct phases: a quick phase followed by a slower phase, the latter of which is linked to treatment success. Current mechanistic explanations for the in vitro slowdown are either antibiotic persistence or heteroresistance. Persistence is defined ...
  • Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on cerebral hemodynamics in acute brain injury patients 

    Giardina, Alberto; Cardim, Danilo; Ciliberti, Pietro; Battaglini, Denise; Ball, Lorenzo; Kasprowicz, Magdalena; Beqiri, Erta; Smielewski, Peter; Czosnyka, M.; Frisvold, Shirin Kordasti; Grosnik, Matjaz; Pelosi, P.; Robba, Chiara (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-02)
    Background: Cerebral autoregulation is the mechanism that allows to maintain the stability of cerebral blood flow despite changes in cerebral perfusion pressure. Maneuvers which increase intrathoracic pressure, such as the application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), have been always challenged in brain injured patients for the risk of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) and altering ...
  • Quantum cluster equilibrium prediction of liquid ethanol 

    Malloum, Alhadji; Dhaouadi, Zoubeida; Conradie, Jeanet (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-07-17)
    Quantum cluster equilibrium theory (QCE) has been widely used to determine the properties of pure and binary mixture of liquids. The main limitation of the application of QCE is the exploration of different possible clusters formed by the solvent molecules. Therefore, in this study, we applied the QCE theory to predict liquid properties of ethanol after thorough exploration of the potential energy ...
  • Microsolvation of phenol in water: structures, hydration free energy and enthalpy 

    Malloum, Alhadji; Conradie, Jeanet (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-01-05)
    In this work, we have studied the microsolvation of phenol in water. We started by identifying initial configurations of phenol-water clusters using classical molecular dynamics. The configurations are optimised at the ωB97XD/aug-cc-pVDZ level of theory. To understand the interaction between phenol and the solvating water molecules, we performed a quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis. ...
  • Mapping seabird vulnerability to offshore wind farms in Norwegian waters 

    Fauchald, Per; Ollus, Victoria Marja Sofia; Ballesteros, Manuel; Breistøl, Arild; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe; Molværsmyr, Sindre; Tarroux, Arnaud; Systad, Geir Helge Rødli; Moe, Børge (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-13)
    Introduction: Offshore wind energy development (OWED) has been identified as a major contributor to the aspired growth in Norwegian renewable energy production. Spatially explicit vulnerability assessments are necessary to select sites that minimize the harm to biodiversity, including seabird populations. Distributional data of seabirds in remote areas are scarce, and to identify vulnerable areas, ...
  • Real-time detection of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in environmental samples using Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanospheres decorated graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets 

    Arumugam, Balamurugan; Palanisamy, Selvakumar; Janagaraj, Gandhiraj; Ramaraj, Sayee Kannan; Chiesa, Matteo; Subramanian, Chidambaravinayagam (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-04)
    Real-time detection of 2,4,6-chlorophenol (TCP) has gained greater interest due to its widespread distribution and hazardous effects on living organisms. In this study, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets decorated with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanospheres (CN@Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) composite-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) were designed to develop a novel and selective ...
  • Single-crystalline MoO<inf>3</inf>/functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites for sensing phenothiazine in biological samples 

    Arumugam, Balamurugan; Palanisamy, Selvakumar; Ramaraj, Sayee Kannan; Chiesa, Matteo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-21)
    The increasing use of pharmaceutical medications has significantly negative repercussions on the environment and human health. Here, a hydrothermal technique was employed to generate a single-crystalline molybdenum trioxide (MoO3)/functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MoO3/f-MWCNTs) nanocomposite that was then used as a novel electrode material for the electrochemical detection of phenothiazine ...
  • Rational design of Nd<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> decorated functionalized carbon nanofiber composite for selective electrochemical detection of carbendazim fungicides in vegetables, water, and soil samples 

    Palanisamy, Selvakumar; Alagumalai, Krishnapandi; Chiesa, Matteo; Kim, Seong-Cheol (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-12-22)
    Abuse of carbendazim (CBZ) leaves excessive pesticide residues on agricultural products, which endangers human health because of the residues' high concentrations. Hence, a composite consisting of functionalized carbon nanofibers (f-CNF) with neodymium oxide (Nd2O3) was fabricated to monitor CBZ at trace levels. The Nd2O3/f-CNF composite-modified electrode displays higher electro-oxidation ability ...
  • Surface etched carbon nanofiber companied ytterbium oxide for pinch level detection of fungicides carbendazim 

    Krishnapandi, Alagumalai; Babulal, Sivakumar Musuvadhi; Chen, Shen-Ming; Palanisamy, Selvakumar; Kim, Seong-Cheol; Chiesa, Matteo (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-26)
    The usage of a ytterbium oxide nanorod/carbon nanofiber (Yb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/f-CNF) hybrid nanocomposite for the electrochemical detection of carbendazim (CBZ) fungicide is demonstrated for the first time in this study. Various physicochemical methods such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy ...
  • Når krysspress skaper trøbbel for arbeidsinkludering av personer med utviklingshemming 

    Gjertsen, Hege Kristin (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-08)
    Artikkelen omhandler arbeidsinkludering av personer med utviklingshemming via tiltaket Varig tilrettelagt arbeid (VTA). Artikkelen rapporterer fra en kvalitativ studie om arbeidsinkludering av personer med utviklingshemming og bygger på intervjuer med veiledere fra arbeidsinkluderingsbedrifter. Veilederne opplevde et krysspress av motstridende forventninger, og uttrykker positive og negative holdninger ...
  • Transferability of graph neural networks: An extended graphon approach 

    Maskey, Sohir; Levie, Ron; Kutyniok, Gitta Astrid Hildegard (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-28)
    We study spectral graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs), where filters are defined as continuous functions of the graph shift operator (GSO) through functional calculus. A spectral GCNN is not tailored to one specific graph and can be transferred between different graphs. It is hence important to study the GCNN transferability: the capacity of the network to have approximately the same ...
  • Real-Time Outdoor Localization Using Radio Maps: A Deep Learning Approach 

    Yapar, Cagkan; Levie, Ron; Kutyniok, Gitta Astrid Hildegard; Caire, Giuseppe (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-05-10)
    Global Navigation Satellite Systems typically perform poorly in urban environments, where the likelihood of line-of-sight conditions between devices and satellites is low. Therefore, alternative location methods are required to achieve good accuracy. We present LocUNet: A convolutional, end-to-end trained neural network (NN) for the localization task, which is able to estimate the position of a user ...
  • Improving Quality of ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision) Coding Using AI: Protocol for a Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial 

    Chomutare, Taridzo Fred; Lamproudis, Anastasios; Budrionis, Andrius; Olsen Svenning, Therese; Hind, Lill Irene; Ngo, Phuong Dinh; Mikalsen, Karl Øyvind; Dalianis, Hercules (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-12)
    Background: Computer-assisted clinical coding (CAC) tools are designed to help clinical coders assign standardized codes, such as the ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision), to clinical texts, such as discharge summaries. Maintaining the integrity of these standardized codes is important both for the functioning of health systems and for ensuring data used ...
  • New insights from an eight-year study on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in an urban terrestrial ecosystem 

    Heimstad, Eldbjørg Sofie; Nygård, Torgeir; Moe, Børge; Herzke, Dorte (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2024-03-06)
    Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were analysed in a high number of terrestrial samples of soil, earthworm, bird eggs and liver from red fox and brown rat in an urban area in Norway from 2013 to 2020. PFOS and the long chain PFCAs were the most dominating compounds in all samples, proving their ubiquitous distribution. Other less studied compounds such as 6:2 FTS were first and foremost ...

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