Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet

DSpace/Manakin Repository

Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet

The community contains 1078 document(s)

Browse by: Titles | Dates | Authors

Show author list

Share on Facebook

Sub-communities within this community

Institutt for farmasi [95]
Institutt for helse- og omsorgsfag [33]
Institutt for klinisk medisin [183]
Institutt for klinisk odontologi [5]
Institutt for medisinsk biologi [109]
Institutt for psykologi [61]
Institutt for samfunnsmedisin [74]
Regionalt kunskapssenter for barn og unge [0]

Collections in this community

Recent additions

Clinical and laboratory aspects of vitamin D in relation to type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis. Results from the Tromsø Study and two randomized controlled trials.

Grimnes, Guri (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 18-Nov-2011)

[+]

Abstract:	There has been a large interest in possible beneficial health effects of increasing the vitamin D (as measured by 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)) levels in the population. Data from the Tromsø Study were used to assess the relation between serum 25(OH)D levels and the risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes in 6119 participants. This risk was approximately doubled in the lowest serum 25(OH)D quartile as compared to the highest quartile. This could to a large extent be explained by higher body mass index in the lowest quartile. When thereafter comparing 52 persons with high and 108 persons with low serum 25(OH)D levels, we found more beneficial levels of glucose and lipid measures in those with high serum 25(OH)D levels. However, there was no improvement in the same measures in the low serum 25(OH)D group after six months supplementation with high dose vitamin D (approximately 150 mikrogram or 6000 international units/day) as compared to placebo. In another study, we compared one year treatment with standard dose of vitamin D (800 international units) with the same high dose vitamin D among 297 women with reduced bone mineral density. Both doses improved or maintained bone mineral density with no differences between the groups. These results do not support the use of vitamin D in such high doses. Further studies are needed to assess the ideal level of serum 25(OH)D. We have further demonstrated that smoking might interfere with 25(OH)D laboratory analyses. This is important to consider in developing and validating such methods.
Description:	The papers of this thesis are not available in Munin: 1. Grimnes G, Almaas B, Eggen AE, Emaus N, Figenschau Y, Hopstock L, Hutchinson MS, Methlie P, Mihailova A, Sneve M, Torjesen P, Wilsgaard T and Jorde R.: 'Effect of smoking on the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D depends on the assay employed', European Journal of Endocrinology (2010) 163:339-48. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-10-0150 2. Grimnes G, Emaus N, Joakimsen RM, Figenschau Y, Jenssen T, Njølstad I, Schirmer H, Jorde R.: 'Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in the Tromsø Study 1994-95 and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus during eleven years of followup', Diabetic Medicine (2010);27:1107-15. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03092.x 3. Grimnes G, Figenschau Y, Almås, B, Jorde R.: 'Vitamin D, insulin secretion, sensitivity and lipids – the results from a case-control study and a randomized controlled trial using hyperglycemic clamp technique', Diabetes (2011) vol. 25, pp 1-10. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db11-0650 4. Grimnes G, Joakimsen RM, Figenschau Y, Torjesen P, Almås B, Jorde R.: 'The effect of high dose vitamin D on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women with low bone mass – a randomized controlled one-year trial', Osteoporosis International (2012) vol. 23(1) pp. 201-211. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00198-011-1845-1
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3825

File(s) in this item: 1

thesis.pdf (11.70Mb)

Functional ultrasound of the anal canal. The effect of pregnancy and childbirth

Olsen, Ingrid Petrikke (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 22-Jun-2011)

[+]

Abstract:	This thesis is concerned with functional three-dimensional ultrasound of the anal canal. Comparing acquisitions assessed with endoanal- and transvaginal transducers, the transvaginal transducer turned out to be as good as the endovaginal transducer. In addition, the curvatures, position and dimensions of the undisturbed anatomical structures in the anal canal, including the anal mucosa, could be described using the transvaginal acquisitions. The transvaginal technique provided information of how the curvatures, positions and dimensions changed during voluntary squeeze of the pelvic floor. The anal mucosa constitutes 40 % of the structures in the anal canal. Voluntary squeeze caused a distorted mucosa at the ano-rectal junction, increased bowel bend, an increased angle between the anal canal and vagina, and elongation of the canal. These observations could not be studied in acquisitions assessed with the endoanal transducer, which straightened and moved the anal mucosa away during application. Pregnancy affects anal continence, but the natural development of the anal canal during pregnancy and childbirth is not known. The impact of pregnancy was an elongation of the canal and a 20% increase in volume of the anal sphincters and anal mucosa. Much of the effects of voluntary squeeze were maintained.
Description:	The papers of this thesis are not available in Munin: 1. Olsen I.P, Augensen K, Wilsgaard T, Kiserud T.: 'Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound assessment of the anal sphincters during rest and squeeze', Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica (2008) vol. 87 no.6 pp.669-674. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00016340802088346 2. Olsen I.P, Augensen K, Wilsgaard T, Kiserud T.: 'Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound assessment of the anal sphincters : Reproducibility', Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica (2008) vol. 87 no. 6 pp.675-681. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00016340802088387 3. Olsen I.P, Wilsgaard T, Kiserud T.: 'Transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound : a method of studying anal anatomy and function', Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology (2011) vol. 37 no. 3 pp.353–360. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.8873 4. Olsen I.P, Wilsgaard T, Kiserud T.: 'Development of the anal canal during pregnancy and the postpartum period : a longitudinal and functional ultrasound study', Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology (2012) Available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.11104
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3824

File(s) in this item: 1

thesis.pdf (5.160Mb)

Molecular diagnostics and characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Hjelmevoll, Stig Ove (Doctoral thesis; Doktorgradsavhandling, 20-Jan-2012)

[+]

Abstract:	Gonore er en sjelden infeksjon i Norge, men kan være en alvorlig infeksjon med fatalt utfall. Gonoreinfeksjon kan oppleves sosialt belastende. Blir en diagnostisert er behandlende lege pålagt å gjennomføre smitteoppsporing og alle seksuelle kontakter undersøkes. Tradisjonell diagnostikk er avhengig av å dyrke bakterien. Dessverre er gonorebakterien veldig skjør og kan lett dø etter prøvetaking og under transport til laboratoriet. I Nord-Norge er det spesielt problematisk med store avstander og lang transporttid. Den nye metoden baseres på deteksjon av DNA fra bakterien og er helt uavhengig av at de fortsatt er i live. I tillegg har metoden høy spesifisitet og sensitivitet og vil minimere både falske positive og falske negative resultater som ellers kan påføre mennesker unødige lidelser. Behandlingsresultat følges normalt opp med kontrollprøve og med ny diagnostikk, måtte vi også avgjøre riktig tidspunkt for å ta kontrollprøve etter behandling. Siden Norske retningslinjer for behandling av gonore var alvorlig utdatert, var det og viktig å kartlegge antibiotikaresistens, og andre karakteristikker ved den norske gonorestammene for å kunne foreslå effektiv behandling for pasientene.
Description:	The papers in this thesis are not available in Munin: 1. Hjelmevoll SO, Olsen ME, Sollid JU, Haaheim H, Unemo M, Skogen V.: 'A fast real-time polymerase chain reaction method for sensitive and specific detection of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae porA pseudogene', Journal of Molecular Diagnostics (2006) vol. 8 (5) pp. 574-81. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.2353/jmoldx.2006.060024 2. Hjelmevoll SO, Olsen ME, Sollid JU, Haaheim H, Melby KK, Moi H, Unemo M, Skogen V.: 'Clinical validation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae porA pseudogene versus culture techniques', Sexually Transmitted Diseases (2008) vol. 35 (5) pp. 517-20. Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181644bc9 3. Hjelmevoll SO, Olsen ME, Sollid JU, Haaheim H, Melby KK, Moi H, Unemo M, Skogen V.: 'Appropriate time for test of cure when diagnosing Neisseria gonorrhoeae with real-time PCR. Acta Dermato-Venereologica', (manuscript in press). 4. Hjelmevoll SO, Golparian D, Dedi L, Skutlaberg DH, Haarr E, Christensen A, Jørgensen S, Nilsen OJ, Unemo M, Skogen V.: 'Phenotypic and genotypic properties of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Norway in 2009: antimicrobial resistance warrants an immediate change in national management guidelines', European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (2011) (Online first). Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-011-1426-4
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3816

File(s) in this item: 1

thesis.pdf (893.9Kb)

Sex hormones and gene expression signatures in peripheral blood from postmenopausal women - the NOWAC postgenome study

Waaseth, Marit; Olsen, Karina Standahl; Rylander, Charlotta; Lund, Eiliv; Dumeaux, Vanessa (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2011)

[+]

[-]

URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/3815

File(s) in this item: 1

article.pdf (532.8Kb)

Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet

DSpace/Manakin Repository

Det helsevitenskapelige fakultet

Sub-communities within this community

Collections in this community

Recent additions

Search Munin

Browse

All of Munin

This Community

Help