Artikler, rapporter og annet (NAFKAM)
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Artikler, rapporter og annet (NAFKAM)
Samlingen inneholder artikler, rapporter, konferansebidrag m.m. fra Nasjonalt forskningssenter innen komplementær og alternativ medisin
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Borud, Einar Kristian; White, Adrian; Alraek, Terje; Grimsgaard, Sameline (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, Mar-2010)[+][-]
Abstract: Objective: The previously published ACUFLASH study compared the effectiveness of individualized acupuncture treatment plus self-care versus self-care alone on hot flashes and health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women. This paper reports on the observational follow-up results at six and 12 months.
Methods: The ACUFLASH study was a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial with two parallel arms, conducted in 2006-2007. The 267 participants were postmenopausal women experiencing, on average, 12.6 hot flashes per 24 hours. The acupuncture group received 10 individualized acupuncture treatments during 12 weeks and advice on self-care, and the control group received advice on self-care only. Hot flash frequency and intensity (0-10 scale) and hours of sleep per night were registered in a diary. Health-related quality of life was assessed by the Women‟s Health Questionnaire.
Results: From baseline to six months, the mean reduction in hot flash frequency per 24 hours was 5.3 in the acupuncture group and 5.0 in the control group, a non-significant difference of 0.3. At 12 months, the mean reduction in frequency was 6.0 in the acupuncture group and 5.8 in the control group, a non-significant difference of 0.2. Differences in quality of life scores were not statistically significant at six and 12 months.
Conclusion: The statistically significant differences between the study groups found at Week 12 were no longer present at six and 12 months. Acupuncture can contribute to a more rapid reduction of vasomotor symptoms and increase in health-related quality of life in postmenopausal women, but probably has no long-term effects.Description: This article is part of Einar Kristian Borud's PhD thesis, which is available in Munin: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2449 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2974 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (425.5Kb) -
White, Adrian; Borud, Einar Kristian; Alraek, Terje; Fønnebø, Vinjar Magne; Grimsgaard, Sameline (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 26-Feb-2007)[+][-]
Abstract: Background: After menopause, 10–20% of all women have nearly intolerable hot flushes. Long term use of hormone replacement therapy involves a health risk, and many women seek alternative strategies to relieve climacteric complaints. Acupuncture is one of the most frequently used complementary therapies in Norway. We designed a study to evaluate whether Traditional Chinese Medicine acupuncture-care together with self-care is more effective than self-care alone to relieve climacteric complaints.
Methods/Design: The study is a multi-centre pragmatic randomised controlled trial with two parallel arms. Participants are postmenopausal women who document ≥7 flushes/24 hours and who are not using hormone replacement therapy or other medication that may influence flushes. According to power calculations 200 women are needed to detect a 50% reduction in flushes, and altogether 286 women will be recruited to allow for a 30% dropout rate.
The treatment group receives 10 sessions of Traditional Chinese Medicine acupuncture-care and self-care; the control group will engage in self-care only. A team of experienced Traditional Chinese Medicine acupuncturists give acupuncture treatments.
Discussion: The study tests acupuncture as a complete treatment package including the therapeutic relationship and expectation. The intervention period lasts for 12 weeks, with follow up at 6 and 12 months. Primary endpoint is change in daily hot flush frequency in the two groups from baseline to 12 weeks; secondary endpoint is health related quality of life, assessed by the Women's Health Questionnaire. We also collect data on Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnoses, and we examine treatment experiences using a qualitative approach. Finally we measure biological variables, to examine potential mechanisms for the effect of acupuncture. The study is funded by The Research Council of Norway.Description: This article is part of Einar Kristian Borud's PhD thesis, which is available in Munin: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2449 URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2235 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (285.7Kb) -
Li, Xun; Liu, Jianping; Hu, Jun; Wang, Xiaoyi; Zhang, Huirui (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 27-Feb-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Background: Moxibustion, acupuncture and other acupoint stimulations are commonly used for the correction of breech presentation. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion and other acupoint stimulations to treat breech presentation.
Methods: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) on moxibustion, acupuncture or any other acupoint stimulating methods for breech presentation in pregnant women. All searches in PubMed, the Cochrane Library (2008 Issue 2), China National Knowledge Information (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) and WanFang Database ended in July 2008. Two authors extracted and analyzed the data independently.
Results: Ten RCTs involving 2090 participants and seven CCTs involving 1409 participants were included in the present study. Meta-analysis showed significant differences between moxibustion and no treatment (RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.51; 3 RCTs). Comparison between moxibustion and knee-chest position did not show significant differences (RR 1.30, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.79; 3 RCTs). Moxibustion plus other therapeutic methods showed significant beneficial effects (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.54; 2 RCTs). Laser stimulation was more effective than assuming the knee-chest position plus pelvis rotating. Moxibustion was more effective than no treatment (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.42; 2 CCTs) but was not more effective than the knee-chest position treatment (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.34; 2 CCTs). Laser stimulation at Zhiyin (BL67) was more effective than the knee-chest position treatment (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.54; 2 CCTs,).
Conclusion: Moxibustion, acupuncture and laser acupoint stimulation tend to be effective in the correction of breech presentation.URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2187 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (570.3Kb) -
Paterson, Charlotte; Launsø, Laila; Baarts, Charlotte; Verhoef, Marja J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 18-Jun-2009)[+][-]
Abstract: Background: The extent to which a health care intervention causes or facilitates health-related change is a key question in research. The need to quantify such change has led to the development of an increasing number of change indicators, to measure what have come to be known as 'outcomes'. In the context of medical research into the efficacy or effectiveness of an intervention the term 'outcomes' has often been interpreted to mean single endpoints with a linear cause and effect link to an external intervention.
Discussion: In this paper we present a critical analysis of the nature and interpretation of the 'outcomes' concept and of the assumptions that underpin it. Drawing on our own work and that of others, we analyse the problems that arise when the concept is applied to complex interventions and discuss the use of other models, such as programme theory, as a basis for alternative conceptualisations for indicators of change. Our analysis demonstrates that the interpretation of 'outcomes' that may be appropriate for clinical trials of pharmaceutical products, is problematic when used in evaluations of complex interventions in areas such as complementary medicine, palliative care, rehabilitation, and health promotion. The 'outcomes' concept may impose inappropriate patterns of thought and meaning. We present alternative models, such as those based on programme theory, which conceptualise health-related change as resulting from the interaction between intervention, process and context over time. In this framework both the intervention and the patient are defined as causal factors, because the result of the treatment is dependent on the resources of the patient – such as the body's ability to heal itself – and the impact of the patient's situation.
Summary: Evaluations based on a model such as programme theory will encompass a wide range of health-related changes that include aspects of process, such as new meanings and understanding, as well as longer term changes in health, wellbeing and health-related competences and behaviours.URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2186 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (347.4Kb) -
Xing, Jianmin; Liu, Jianping; Fei, Yutong (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 22-Oct-2008)[+][-]
Abstract: Background: Green tea is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. This review summarizes the beneficial effects of green tea on cancer prevention.
Methods: Electronic databases, including PubMed (1966–2008), the Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2008) and Chinese Biomedical Database (1978–2008) with supplement of relevant websites, were searched. There was no language restriction. The searches ended at March 2008. We included randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, epidemiological studies (cohort and case-control) and a meta-analysis. We excluded case series, case reports, in vitro and animal studies. Outcomes were measured with estimation of relative risk, hazard or odd ratios, with 95% confidence interval.
Results: Forty-three epidemiological studies, four randomized trials and one meta-analysis were identified. The overall quality of these studies was evaluated as good or moderate. While some evidence suggests that green tea has beneficial effects on gastrointestinal cancers, the findings are not consistent.
Conclusion: Green tea may have beneficial effects on cancer prevention. Further studies such as large and long term cohort studies and clinical trials are warranted.URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10037/2138 File(s) in this item: 1
article.pdf (324.6Kb)
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