This work investigates the ice over a PVC (polyvinyl chloride also known as ‘PVC’) surface as a two-layer laminate model. In this study, ice was frozen over a PVC surface and allowed to adhere. The built samples were tested experimentally in a four-point loading setup. The experimental results contain strain data gathered through data acquisition system using LabView® software. The data was collected ...

This paper presents numerical methodologies to simulate the Infrared (IR) signature of an ice cube. The ice was frozen in a cold environment (-28^oC) and allowed to have uniform temperature throughout. It was then taken out and let to warm at room temperature conditions by means of natural convection. A 3D transient heat equation is solved using three different methodologies. In the first ...

Surfers daring the harshest waves, including the frigid arctic waters of Norway, rely on wetsuits for extended cold-water sessions. Understanding the thermal behavior of wetsuit materials is crucial for enhancing surfers' comfort and safety. In this study, we investigate the thermal properties of neoprene and natural rubber, the primary materials used in wetsuit construction, with a focus on conductive ...

Composites are increasingly being used in products such as: automobiles, bridges, boats, drillships, offshore platforms, aircrafts and satellites. The increased usage of these composite materials and the fact that the conditions pertaining to their failure are not fully understood makes it imperative to develop condition monitoring systems for composite structures. <br>In this work, we present a ...

This research presents Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations in ANSYS® illustrating emissions of to the air. The CFD simulations is employed to study plume transport in urban environment, i.e., Breivika port in the city of Tromsø. The case study presents a two-phase model considering specific wind strength and direction in the city of Tromsø. Geographical coordinates, temperature, and wind ...

Ship operators typically depend on the visual method for draft reading, which may lead to errors or approximations, and it further introduces draft survey calculation errors and can not provide continuous updates. Ensuring accurate real-time ship draft measurement becomes crucial for enhancing navigational safety, optimizing vessel performance, and achieving precise cargo and consumable measurements. ...

The aim of this work is to review the phenomenon of icing in marine operations. The focus is on two main sources of icing, namely atmospheric and sea spray. The literature reveals that sea spray icing is the main contributor to marine icing. This work discusses the available ice accretion prediction models on ships and offshore structures. It also reviews the anti-/de-icing technologies that can be ...

Sea-spray icing resulting from sea spray droplets accreting on exposed surfaces poses a significant safety concern for vessels and marine structures operating in cold climate regions. One of the key parameters determining the amount of ice accretion is the quantity of incoming sea spray, which eventually comes in contact with the structure in the presence of brine film freezing temperature. Hence, ...