• Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a multi-centre, European cohort study 

      Bamia, Christina; Lagiou, Pagona; Jenab, Mazda; Aleksandrova, Krasimira; Fedirko, Veronika; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Overvad, Kim; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Kvaskoff, Marina; Katzke, Verena A.; Kühn, Tilman; Boeing, Heiner; Nöthlings, Ute; Palli, Domenico; Sieri, Sabina; Panico, Salvatore; Tumino, Rosaria; Naccarati, Allessio; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Skeie, Guri; Quirós, José Ramón; Agudo, Antonio; Chirlaque, María-Dolores; Sánchez, María-José; Ardanaz, Eva; Dorronsoro, Miren; Ericson, Ulrika; Nilsson, Lena Maria; Wennberg, Maria; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Key, Timothy J.; Travis, Ruth C.; Ferrari, Pietro; Stepien, Magdalena; Duarte-Salles, Talita; Norat, Teresa; Murphy, Neil; Riboli, Eilo; Trichopoulou, Antonia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-05)
      Background: Vegetable and/or fruit intakes in association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been investigated in case–control studies conducted in specific European countries and cohort studies conducted in Asia, with inconclusive results. No multi-centre European cohort has investigated the indicated associations. Methods: In 486 799 men/women from the European Prospective Investigation ...
    • Genetically determined reproductive aging and coronary heart disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization 

      Dam, Veerle; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte; Burgess, Stephen; Chirlaque, Maria Dolores; Peters, Sanne A.E.; Schuit, Ewoud; Tikk, Kaja; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Oliver-Williams, Clare; Wood, Angela M.; Tjønneland, Anne; Dahm, Christina C; Overvad, Kim; Boutron-Rualt, Marie-Christine; Schulze, Matthias B.; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Ferrari, Pietro; Masala, Giovanna; Krogh, Vittorio; Tumino, Rosario; Matullo, Giuseppe; Panico, Salvatore; Boer, Jolanda M. A.; Verschuren, W.M. Monique; Waaseth, Marit; Pérez, María José Sánchez; Amiano, Pilar; Imaz, Liher; Moreno-Iribas, Conchi; Melander, Olle; Harlid, Sophia; Nordendahl, Maria; Wennberg, Patrik; Key, Timothy J.; Riboli, Elio; Santiuste, Carmen; Kaaks, Rudolf; Katzke, Verena; Langenberg, Claudia; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Schunkert, Heribert; Erdmann, Jeanette; Willenborg, Christina; Hengstenberg, Christian; Kleber, Marcus E.; Delgado, Graciela; März, Winfried; Kanoni, Stavroula; Dedoussis, George; Deloukas, Panos; Nikpay, Majid; McPherson, Ruth; Scholz, Markus; Teren, Andrej; Butterworth, Adam S.; van der Schouw, Yvonne T. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-20)
      Background: Accelerated reproductive aging, in women indicated by early natural menopause, is associated with increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in observational studies. Conversely, an adverse CHD risk profile has been suggested to accelerate menopause.<p> <p>Objectives: To study the direction and evidence for causality of the relationship between reproductive aging and (non-)fatal CHD ...
    • Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Rohrmann, Sabine; Overvad, Kim; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre; Egeberg, Rikke; Tjønneland, Anne; Nailler, Laura; Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Krogh, Vittorio; Palli, Domenico; Panico, Salvatore; Tumino, Rosario; Ricceri, Fulvio; Bergmann, Manuela M.; Boeing, Heiner; Li, Kuanrong; Kaaks, Rudolf; Khaw, Kay Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Crowe, Francesca L.; Key, Timothy J.; Naska, Androniki; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Leenders, Max; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Engeset, Dagrun; Parr, Christine Louise; Skeie, Guri; Jakszyn, Paula; Sánchez, Maria-José; Huerta, Jose Maria; Redondo, ML; Barricarte, Aurelio; Amiano, Pilar; Drake, Isabel; Sonestedt, Emily; Hallmans, Göran; Johansson, Ingegerd; Fedirko, Veronika; Romieux, Isabelle; Ferrari, Pietro; Norat, Teresa; Vergnaud, Anne-Claire; Riboli, Elio; Linseisen, Jakob (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2013)
      Background: Recently, some US cohorts have shown a moderate association between red and processed meat consumption and mortality supporting the results of previous studies among vegetarians. The aim of this study was to examine the association of red meat, processed meat, and poultry consumption with the risk of early death in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ...
    • Modifiable causes of premature death in middle-age in Western Europe: Results from the EPIC cohort study 

      Muller, David C.; Murphy, Neil; Johansson, Mattias; Ferrari, Pietro; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Clavel, Francoise; Dartois, Laureen; Li, Kuanrong; Kaaks, Rudolf; Weikert, Cornelia; Bergmann, Manuela; Boeing, Heiner; Tjønneland, Anne; Overvad, Kim; Redondo, María-Luisa; Agudo, Antonio; Molina-Portillo, Elena; Altzibar, Jone M.; Cirera, Lluis; Ardanaz, Eva; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Key, Timothy J.; Travis, Ruth C.; Bamia, Christina; Orfanos, Philippos; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Palli, Domenico; Pala, Valeria; Tumino, Rosario; Vineis, Paolo; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Verschuren, W.M. Monique; Struijk, Ellen A.; Peeters, Petra H.; Engström, Gunnar; Melander, Olle; Sund, Malin; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Skeie, Guri; Lund, Eiliv; Norat, Teresa; Gunter, Marc; Riboli, Elio; Brennan, Paul (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-06-14)
      Background<br> Life expectancy is increasing in Europe, yet a substantial proportion of adults still die prematurely before the age of 70 years. We sought to estimate the joint and relative contributions of tobacco smoking, hypertension, obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol and poor diet towards risk of premature death.<br> Methods<br> We analysed data from 264,906 European adults from the ...
    • Plasma elaidic acid level as biomarker of industrial trans fatty acids and risk of weight change: Report from the EPIC study 

      Chajès, Véronique; Biessy, Carine; Ferrari, Pietro; Romieu, Isabelle; Freisling, Heinz; Huybrechts, Inge; Scalbert, Augustin; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Romaguera, Dora; Gunter, Mark J.; Vineis, Paolo; Hansen, Camilla Plambeck; Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Fagherazzi, Guy; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Katzke, Verana; Neamat-Allah, Jasmine; Boeing, Heiner; Bachlechner, Ursula; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Naska, Androniki; Orfanos, Philippos; Pala, Valeria; Masala, Giovanna; Mattiello, Amalia; Skeie, Guri; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Agudo, Antonio; Huerta, José María; Sánchez, Mariá-José; Dorronsoro, Miren; Quirós, José Ramón; Johansson, Ingegerd; Winkvist, Anna; Sonested, Emily; Key, Timothy J.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Peeters, Petra H.M.; Slimani, Nadia (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-02-12)
      Background Few epidemiological studies have examined the association between dietary trans fatty acids and weight gain, and the evidence remains inconsistent. The main objective of the study was to investigate the prospective association between biomarker of industrial trans fatty acids and change in weight within the large study European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ...
    • Pre-diagnostic circulating insulin-like growth factor-I and bladder cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Lin, Crystal; Travis, Ruth C.; Appleby, Paul N.; Tipper, Sarah; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Gram, Inger Torhild; Kaaks, Rudolf; Kiemeney, Lambertus A.; Ljungberg, Börje; Tumino, Rosario; Tjønneland, Anne; Roswall, Nina; Overvad, Kim; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Manciniveri, Francesca Romana; Severi, Gianluca; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Masala, Giovanna; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Agnoli, Claudia; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Peeters, Petra H.; Salamanca-Fernández, Elena; Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores; Ardanaz, Eva; Dorronsoro, Miren; Menéndez, Virginia; Luján-Barroso, Leila; Liedberg, Fredrik; Freisling, Heinz; Gunter, Marc; Aune, Dagfinn; Cross, Amanda J.; Riboli, Elio; Key, Timothy J.; Perez-Cornago, Aurora (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-04)
      Previous <i>in vitro</i> and case–control studies have found an association between the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐axis and bladder cancer risk. Circulating concentrations of IGF‐I have also been found to be associated with an increased risk of several cancer types; however, the relationship between pre‐diagnostic circulating IGF‐I concentrations and bladder cancer has never been studied ...
    • Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients: A cohort study 

      Romaguera, Dora; Ward, Heather; Wark, Petra A.; Vergnaud, Anne-Claire; Peeters, Petra H.; van Gils, Carla H.; Ferrari, Pietro; Fedirko, Veronika; Jenab, Mazda; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Dossus, Laure; Dartois, Laureen; Hansen, Camilla Plambeck; Dahm, Christina Catherine; Buckland, Genevieve; Sánchez, María-José; Dorronsoro, Miren; Navarro, Carmen; Barricarte, Aurelio; Key, Timothy J.; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Tsironis, Christos; Lagiou, Pagona; Masala, Giovanna; Pala, Valeria; Tumino, Rosario; Vineis, Paolo; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Siersema, Peter D.; Ohlsson, Bodil; Jirström, Karin; Wennberg, Maria; Nilsson, Lena Maria; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Kühn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena A.; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Tjønneland, Anne; Boeing, Heiner; Quirós, José Ramón; Gunter, Mark J.; Riboli, Eilo; Norat, Teresa (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-05-07)
      Background: Cancer survivors are advised to follow lifestyle recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness proposed by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) for cancer prevention. Previous studies have demonstrated that higher concordance with these recommendations measured using an index score (the WCRF/AICR score) was associated with ...
    • Prediagnostic circulating concentrations of plasma insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of lymphoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition 

      Perez-Cornago, Aurora; Appleby, Paul N.; Tipper, Sarah; Key, Timothy J.; Allen, Naomi E.; Nieters, Alexandra; Vermeulen, Roel; Roulland, Sandrine; Casabonne, Delphine; Kaaks, Rudolf; Fortner, Renée T.; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; La Vecchia, Carlo; Klinaki, Eleni; Hansen, Louise; Tjønneland, Anne; Bonnet, Fabrice; Fagherazzi, Guy; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Pala, Valeria; Masala, Giovanna; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Peeters, Petra H.; Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Dorronsoro, Miren; Quirós, J. Ramón; Barricarte, Aurelio; Gavrila, Diana; Agudo, Antonio; Borgquist, Signe; Rosendahl, Ann H.; Melin, Beatrice; Wareham, Nick; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Gunter, Marc; Riboli, Elio; Vineis, Paolo; Travis, Ruth C. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-12-27)
      Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I has cancer promoting activities. However, the hypothesis that circulating IGF-I concentration is related to risk of lymphoma overall or its subtypes has not been examined prospectively. IGF-I concentration was measured in pre-diagnostic plasma samples from a nested case–control study of 1,072 cases of lymphoid malignancies and 1,072 individually matched controls ...
    • The premenopausal breast cancer collaboration: A pooling project of studies participating in the national cancer institute cohort consortium 

      Nichols, Hazel B.; Schoemaker, Minouk J.; Wright, Lauren B.; McGowan, Craig; Brook, Mark N.; Mcclain, Kathleen M.; Jones, Michael E.; Adami, Hans Olov; Agnoli, Claudia; Baglietto, Laura; Bernstein, Leslie; Bertrand, Kimberly A.; Blot, William J.; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Butler, Lesley; Chen, Yu; Doody, Michele M.; Dossus, Laure; Eliassen, A. Heather; Giles, Graham G.; Gram, Inger Torhild; Hankinson, Susan E.; Hoffman-Bolton, Judy; Kaaks, Rudolf; Key, Timothy J.; Kirsh, Victoria A.; Kitahara, Cari M.; Koh, Woon-Puay; Larsson, Susanna C; Lund, Eiliv; Ma, Huiyan; Merritt, Melissa A.; Milne, Roger L.; Navarro, Carmen; Overvad, Kim; Ozasa, Kotaro; Palmer, Julie R.; Peeters, Petra H.; Riboli, Elio; Rohan, Thomas E.; Sadakane, Atsuko; Sund, Malin; Tamimi, Rulla M.; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Vatten, Lars Johan; Visvanathan, Kala; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Willett, Walter C.; Wolk, Alicja; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne; Zheng, Wei; Sandler, Dale P.; Swerdlow, Anthony J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2017-09)
      Breast cancer is a leading cancer diagnosis among premenopausal women around the world. Unlike rates in postmenopausal women, incidence rates of advanced breast cancer have increased in recent decades for premenopausal women. Progress in identifying contributors to breast cancer risk among premenopausal women has been constrained by the limited numbers of premenopausal breast cancer cases in individual ...
    • Reliability of serum metabolites over a two-year period: A targeted metabolomic approach in fasting and non-fasting samples from EPIC 

      Carayol, Marion; Licaj, Idlir; Achaintre, David; Vineis, Paolo; Key, Timothy J.; Moret, N. Charlotte Onland; Scalbert, Augustin; Rinaldi, Sabina; Ferrari, Pietro (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-14)
      Objective Although metabolic profiles have been associated with chronic disease risk, lack of temporal stability of metabolite levels could limit their use in epidemiological investigations. The present study aims to evaluate the reliability over a two-year period of 158 metabolites and compare reliability over time in fasting and non-fasting serum samples. <p>Methods Metabolites were measured ...
    • Reproductive factors and risk of mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; a cohort study 

      Merritt, Melissa A.; Riboli, Elio; Murphy, Neil; Kadi, Mai; Tjønneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Overvad, Kim; Dossus, Laure; Dartois, Laureen; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise; Fortner, Renée T.; Katzke, Verena A.; Boeing, Heiner; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Lagiou, Pagona; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Palli, Domenico; Sieri, Sabina; Tumino, Rosario; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Panico, Salvatore; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Peeters, Petra H.; Lund, Eiliv; Nakamura, Aurelie; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Quirós, José Ramón; Agudo, Antonio; Molina-Montes, Esther; Larranaga, Nerea; Dorronsoro, Miren; Cirera, Lluis; Barricarte, Aurelio; Olsson, Åsa; Butt, Salma; Idahl, Annika; Lundin, Eva; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Key, Timothy J.; Brennan, Paul; Ferrari, Pietro; Wark, Petra A.; Norat, Teresa; Cross, Amanda J.; Gunter, Mark J. (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2015-10-30)
      Background: Reproductive events are associated with important physiologic changes, yet little is known about how reproductive factors influence long-term health in women. Our objective was to assess the relation of reproductive characteristics with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk. <p>Methods: The analysis was performed within the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ...
    • Risk prediction for estrogen receptor-specific breast cancers in two large prospective cohorts 

      Li, Kuanrong; Anderson, Garnet; Viallon, Vivian; Arveux, Patrick; Kvaskoff, Marina; Fournier, Agnès; Krogh, Vittorio; Tumino, Rosario; Sánchez, María-José; Ardanaz, Eva; Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores; Agudo, Antonio; Muller, David C.; Smith, Todd; Tzoulaki, Ioanna; Key, Timothy J.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, Hendrik Bastiaan; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Bamia, Christina; Orfanos, Philippos; Kaaks, Rudolf; Hüsing, Anika; Fortner, Renée T.; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne; Sund, Malin; Dahm, Christina C; Overvad, Kim; Aune, Dagfinn; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Romieu, Isabelle; Riboli, Elio; Gunter, Marc J.; Dossus, Laure; Prentice, Ross; Ferrari, Pietro (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-12-03)
      <p><i>Background</i>: Few published breast cancer (BC) risk prediction models consider the heterogeneity of predictor variables between estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-) tumors. Using data from two large cohorts, we examined whether modeling this heterogeneity could improve prediction.</p> <p><i>Methods</i>: We built two models, for ER+ (Model<sub>ER+</sub>) and ER- tumors ...
    • Risk thresholds for alcohol consumption: combined analysis of individual-participant data for 599 912 current drinkers in 83 prospective studies 

      Wood, Angela M.; Kaptoge, Stephen; Butterworth, Adam S.; Willeit, Peter; Warnakula, Samantha; Bolton, Thomas; Paige, Ellie; Paul, Dirk S.; Sweeting, Michael; Burgess, Stephen; Bell, Steven; Astle, William; Stevens, David; Koulman, Albert; Selmer, Randi; Verschuren, W.M. Monique; Sato, Shinichi; Njølstad, Inger; Woodward, Mark; Salomaa, Veikko; Nordestgaard, Børge G.; Yeap, Bu B.; Fletcher, Astrid; Melander, Olle; Kuller, Lewis H.; Balkau, Beverley; Marmot, Michael; Koenig, Wolfgang; Casiglia, Edoardo; Cooper, Cyrus; Arndt, Volker; Franco, Oscar H.; Wennberg, Patrik; Gallacher, John; de la Cámara, Agustín Gómez; Völzke, Henry; Dahm, Christina C.; Dale, Caroline E.; Bergmann, Manuela M.; Crespo, Carlos J.; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Simons, Leon A.; Lagiou, Pagona; Schoufour, Josje D.; Boer, Jolanda M.A.; Key, Timothy J.; Rodriguez, Beatriz; Moreno-Iribas, Conchi; Davidson, Karina W.; Taylor, James O.; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Wallace, Robert B.; Quiros, J. Ramon; Tumino, Rosario; Blazer, Dan G.; Linneberg, Allan; Daimon, Makoto; Panico, Salvatore; Howard, Barbara; Skeie, Guri; Strandberg, Timo; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Nietert, Paul J.; Psaty, Bruce M.; Kromhout, Daan; Salamanca-Fernández, Elena; Kiechl, Stefan; Krumholz, Harlan M.; Grioni, Sara; Palli, Domenico; Huerta, Jose M.; Price, Jackie; Sundström, Johan; Arriola, Larraitz; Arima, Hisatomi; Travis, Ruth C.; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Karakatsani, Anna; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Kühn, Tilman; Grobbee, Diederick E.; Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth; van Schoor, Natasja; Boeing, Heiner; Overvad, Kim; Kauhanen, Jussi; Wareham, Nick; Langenberg, Claudia; Forouhi, Nita; Wennberg, Maria; Despres, Jean-Pierre; Cushman, Mary; Cooper, Jackie A.; Rodriguez, Carlos J.; Sakurai, Masaru; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Knuiman, Matthew; Voortman, Trudy; Meisinger, Christa; Tjønneland, Anne; Brenner, Hermann; Palmieri, Luigi; Dallongeville, Jean; Brunner, Eric J.; Assmann, Gerd; Trevisan, Maurizio; Gillum, Richard F.; Ford, Ian; Sattar, Naveed; Lazo, Mariana; Thompson, Simon G.; Ferrari, Pietro; Leon, David A.; Smith, George Davey; Peto, Richard; Jackson, Rod; Banks, Emily; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele; Danesh, John (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-04-12)
      <p><i>Background - </i>Low-risk limits recommended for alcohol consumption vary substantially across different national guidelines. To define thresholds associated with lowest risk for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease, we studied individual-participant data from 599 912 current drinkers without previous cardiovascular disease. <p><i>Methods - </i>We did a combined analysis of ...
    • Timing of eating across ten European countries - Results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration study 

      Huseinovic, Ena; Winkvist, Anna; Freisling, Heinz; Slimani, Nadia; Boeing, Heiner; Buckland, Genevieve; Schwingshackl, Lukas; Olsen, Anja; Tjønneland, Anne; Stepien, Magdalena; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine; Mancini, Francesca; Artaud, Fanny; Kühn, Tilman; Katzke, Verena; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Naska, Androniki; Orfanos, Philippos; Tumino, Rosario; Masala, Giovanna; Krogh, Vittorio; Santucci De Magistris, Maria; Ocké, Marga C.; Brustad, Magritt; Enget Jensen, Torill; Skeie, Guri; Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel; Huerta, José María; Ardanaz, Eva; Quirós, José Ramón; Jakszyn, Paula; Sonestedt, Emily; Ericson, Ulrika; Wennberg, Maria; Key, Timothy J.; Aune, Dagfinn; Riboli, Elio; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Berteus Forslund, Helene (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-10-17)
      <p><i>Objective</i>: To examine timing of eating across ten European countries.</p> <p><i>Design</i>: Cross-sectional analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) calibration study using standardized 24 h diet recalls collected during 1995–2000. Eleven predefined food consumption occasions were assessed during the recall interview. We present time of consumption ...